这套练习有十道原创题，从易到难，涵盖摘要的选材与综合的全部五课。第 1 至 3 题练习选择，第 4 至 6 题练习合并和分组，第 7、8 题练习改写，第 9、10 题把一切结合起来。
文章、题目和示范答案保持英文，因为考试用英文作答，解析则用中文。先在纸上写出自己的答案，再打开示范解答。你的用词会不同，所以比较的是选出的要点，而不是句子。标出做错的题，再用最后的对照清单。
题目
1. 阅读下面这段文字。
Noor’s bakery opens at five in the morning. Its walls are painted lemon yellow. Customers say the bread is always fresh, the prices are lower than the supermarket’s, and Noor remembers everyone’s name. Noor’s grandfather once owned a shop in Ipoh.
Task: Give the reasons customers choose the bakery. Which ideas belong?
显示答案
焦点是顾客给出的理由。文中说了三个：面包总是新鲜、价格比超市低、店主记得每位顾客的名字。黄色的墙和祖父属于描写和背景，开门时间是事实，不是顾客给出的理由。
Customers choose it for the fresh bread, the lower prices and the personal service.
2. 题目是 “Describe the problems with the school canteen.”。哪些句子相关？
- (a) The queue often reaches the corridor.
- (b) The canteen was rebuilt in a blue-and-white design.
- (c) Hot dishes usually run out before the second break.
- (d) The cook has worked at the school for twenty years.
显示答案
(a) 和 (c)。两者都是问题：队伍很长，食物卖完。(b) 是描写，(d) 是背景。注意 (c) 里有 “usually”，好的答案会保留它：hot dishes usually run out before the second break.
3. 一篇文章说：“Visitors to the lake can hire boats, feed the ducks and have picnics. The lake is three hundred metres wide. It is stocked with fish each spring.” 题目是 “What can visitors do at the lake?”。你会舍去哪个内容，为什么？
显示答案
舍去湖的宽度，以及放养鱼苗（除非文中说游客可以钓鱼）。它们描述的是湖和它的管理，不是游客能做的活动。保留租船、喂鸭子和野餐。
4. 合并成一个要点：“The path turns to mud after rain. Walkers find it slippery when wet. After a downpour the track is hard to use.”
显示答案
三句从不同角度给出同一个想法：下雨后小路变得泥泞，难以行走。一句话就够了：After rain the path becomes muddy and slippery, making it hard to use.
5. 这两句应该合并吗？“Tickets sell out within minutes.” 和 “Tickets are resold online at twice the price.” 请解释，然后写一句话。
显示答案
它们不是重复。一句说票卖完得有多快，另一句说被转售的价格更高。合并成 “tickets are hard to get” 会丢掉价格这一点。把两者保留在一句话里：Tickets sell out within minutes and are then resold online at twice the price.
6. 这些要点来自一篇关于回收计划的文章。题目是 “Explain how the scheme works and what it achieves.”。
- Bins are placed in every classroom.
- Prefects collect the bins each Monday.
- Paper is weighed and the total recorded.
- Money from selling the paper buys library books.
- Glass is not accepted.
选择一个组织原则并为要点分组。
显示答案
题目有两个部分，所以用过程，再到成果。
- 如何运作： bins in classrooms、prefects collect on Mondays、paper is weighed。
- 达成什么： money from the paper buys library books。
“Glass is not accepted” 是一个限制，既不属于运作方式，也不是成果，所以除非题目要求写限制，否则舍去。
Paper is gathered in classroom bins, collected by prefects each Monday and weighed, and the money from selling it pays for library books.
7. 改写并保留限定语：“Only about a third of pupils walk to school, and this figure is likely to fall.”
显示答案
限定语：“only”、“about a third”、“likely”。
Just around one in three pupils go on foot, and the proportion is expected to decrease.
“Just” 保留了 “only” 的限制，“around one in three” 对应 “about a third”，“expected” 对应 “likely”。写成 “Few pupils will walk” 就会改变断言。
8. 原句是：“Some shops may close on public holidays.” 一位学生写成：“Shops close on public holidays.” 指出两处改变并改正。
显示答案
“Some” 被去掉，断言变成涵盖所有商店；“may” 被去掉，可能性变成了确定。忠实的写法：A number of shops could shut on public holidays.
9. 阅读下面的文章和草稿。
The Friday night market lets stallholders sell to about two thousand visitors without paying shop rent. Many traders start here before opening a shop. Visitors enjoy the smell of grilled satay. Traffic around the market is heavy, and nearby residents complain about noise.
Task: Summarise the benefits of the market to traders.
Draft: Traders can sell to large crowds without renting a shop, and some use it as a first step before opening a shop. Visitors enjoy the satay, though residents complain about noise.
检查草稿并修改。
显示答案
焦点： 沙爹和居民的投诉不是对摊贩的好处，两者都删去。准确： 原文写的是 “many traders”，草稿写成 “some”，削弱了断言。覆盖： 两个对摊贩的好处都在。自己的话： 没问题。
Traders can reach large crowds without paying shop rent, and many use the market as a first step towards opening a shop.
10. 阅读下面这段原创短文，写一份不超过两句的摘要。
Last term Hillview School moved its first lesson from 7.30 to 8.15. The head, Ms Rahim, gave two reasons. Staff had noticed that many students arrived tired and were slow to settle, and a short study by the science department suggested that alertness in the first period was poorer than later in the day. She also hopes the change will reduce lateness, because most late students travel a long way by bus. Parents have mixed views, and the canteen will now open later.
Task: Summarise the reasons the school gave for the later start.
显示答案
选择： 学生疲倦、第一节课警觉性较低（有一项研究作支持），以及路途远的学生迟到。舍去家长的不同意见和食堂，它们是反应和后果，不是理由。
保留限定语： “many students”、“suggested”、“hopes”、“most late students”。
The school believes a later start will help the many students who arrive tired to be more alert in the first lesson, as a short study suggested, and hopes it will reduce lateness among those who travel far by bus.
检查：每个分句都是文中给出的理由，“suggested” 和 “hopes” 这两个委婉说法得到保留，也没有整段照抄。
如果你做错了
把错误类型对应到能修补它的那一课。
- 第 1、2、3 题，选了生动或偏离焦点的细节： 回到区分相关要点与有趣的细节。
- 第 4、5 题，重复或合并过度： 回到合并重复的想法而不丢失意思。
- 第 6 题，要点零散： 回到用清晰的组织原则把要点分组。
- 第 7、8 题，力度改变或照抄用词： 回到改写时保留限定语。
- 第 9、10 题，答案偏离题目： 回到对照题目焦点检查摘要。
把每一次失误连同错误类型记入错题记录与重测队列，以后可以用新的文章重测。摘要选点与改写工作室提供更多可选点的文章，写作修改对比视图帮助你看出两份草稿之间改了什么。
当同样的错误在学完一课后仍然出现，线上一对一 English First Language 补习的老师可以对照原文阅读你写的摘要，并出题专门测试那一步。